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| Criterion |  Systems Thinking Evaporating Cloud |  Operations Kepner-Tregoe |  Operations 5 Whys |  Operations 8D Problem Solving |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | The method makes visible why two seemingly incompatible demands arise and which assumption must be tested to resolve the conflict. | For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. | For an acute quality or delivery problem, the method structures immediate protection and root cause work together. It keeps the situation stable while the actual cause is investigated cleanly. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | High | Low | High |
Timedifferent | 60-120 min | 2-8 h | 15-30 min | 1-6 Wochen |
Participantsdifferent | 2-8 | 2-8 | 2-6 | 4-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Conflict Cloud, Assumption List, Breakthrough Ideas, Next Experiments | Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan | Root cause notes, Countermeasures | 8D Report, Containment Plan, Root Cause Evidence, Corrective Action Plan |
Tagsno overlap | Theory of ConstraintsAssumptionsSystems thinking | Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving | QualityProblem solvingRoot cause |