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Criterion
Anonymous individual judgments pass through feedback loops to form a distribution.
Decision Making
Delphi Method
Empathy Mapping
UX Research
Empathy Mapping
Affinity Diagramming
UX Research
Affinity Diagramming
Paper illustration for Kepner-Tregoe
Operations
Kepner-Tregoe
Purposedifferent
When knowledge is distributed and direct dominance should be avoided, groups quickly fall under the sway of their opinion leaders. The Delphi Method gathers assessments iteratively and gradually brings expert judgments closer together.When a lot is assumed about a target group but little is seen jointly, empathy mapping makes knowledge and gaps directly comparable. The picture also shows which assumptions hold up and where evidence is missing.When research notes, feedback, or observations sit unconnected side by side, affinity diagramming sorts the raw material into solid themes. Many individual points turn into patterns that make decisions and opportunities clearer.For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations.
Complexitydifferent
HighLowLowHigh
Timedifferent
1-4 Wochen30–60 min45–90 min2-8 h
Participantsdifferent
6-30 Experten4-83-102-8
Formatdifferent
AsyncWorkshopWorkshopWorkshop + async
Outputdifferent
Expert Forecast, Consensus Range, Assumption NotesEmpathy Map, Assumptions List, Research GapsTheme clusters, Insight statements, Opportunity areasProblem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan
Tagsno overlap
ForecastingExpertsDecisionStrategy
SynthesisQualitativeWorkshop
SynthesisQualitativeRoot cause
Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations
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