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| Criterion |  Decision Making Decision Rights Mapping |  Engineering Failure Scenario Analysis |  Facilitation Alignment Mapping |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | In organizations with many stakeholders, it often blurs who actually decides and who is merely consulted. It separates options, evaluation criteria, and open risks. The result is captured as a Decision Rights matrix and an agreement. | In critical processes, it is not enough to plan only for the normal case. Failure Scenario Analysis looks at the path into failure and shows which failures, chains, and control gaps cause the most damage. | When several people work toward one goal but hold different mental maps, Alignment Mapping makes the discrepancies visible. It arranges goals, assumptions, and priorities so shared direction becomes verifiable. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 90-180 min | 1-3 h | 1-2 h | 20–45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 4-12 | 3-8 | 4-12 | Small cross-functional group |
Formatsame | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Decision Rights Matrix, Agreement | Failure Scenarios, Risk Notes, Control Gaps, Test and Response Actions | Alignment Map, Open Issues, Decision Questions | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log |
Tagsno overlap | DecisionGovernanceAlignmentResponsibility | FailureResilienceRisk | AlignmentStakeholdersStrategyFacilitation | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning |