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| Criterion |  Knowledge Modeling Concept Mapping |  Engineering Failure Scenario Analysis |  Knowledge Modeling IBIS |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | Concept Mapping arranges terms and relationships in a network that makes subject-matter connections tangible. It fits when a topic needs to be understood structurally rather than linearly. | In critical processes, it is not enough to plan only for the normal case. Failure Scenario Analysis looks at the path into failure and shows which failures, chains, and control gaps cause the most damage. | IBIS structures thinking about complex questions as a sequence of issues, ideas, and arguments. The method keeps discussions open without forcing them into premature consensus. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-2 h | 1-3 h | 1-3 h | 20–45 min |
Participantsdifferent | 1-8 | 3-8 | 2-8 | Small cross-functional group |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Concept Map, Relationship Labels, Knowledge Gaps | Failure Scenarios, Risk Notes, Control Gaps, Test and Response Actions | Issue Map, Positions, Argument Notes | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log |
Tagsno overlap | KnowledgeConceptsMappingSensemaking | FailureResilienceRisk | RationaleKnowledgeDecision | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning |