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| Criterion |  UX Research Card Sorting |  Innovation Starbursting |  UX Research First-click Testing |  UX Research Tree Testing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When content only makes sense internally and users can't find the structure again, card sorting exposes their mental order. Terms, groups, and naming are then aligned with the target group's expectations. | Helps clarify ideas, open questions, and testable next steps in concrete terms. It opens the thinking space, collects ideas, and leads to testable options. The result is captured as a star-shaped question map, question list, and assumption list. | When users immediately turn the wrong way on a screen or wireframe, first click testing checks initial orientation at high speed. The first click shows early whether expectation, labeling, and wayfinding fit together. | When a navigation exists but search paths still fail, tree testing checks findability without visual distraction. The method shows whether labels, levels, and paths really lead to the intended destination. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | 30-60 min | 1-2 Tage | 1-2 Tage |
Participantsdifferent | Based on research question | 3-10 | 10-30 | Based on research question |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Async | Async |
Outputdifferent | Content groups, Label set, IA hypotheses | Star-Shaped Question Map, Question List, Assumption List | Click Heatmap, Success Rate, Design Recommendations | Findability Metrics, Path Analysis, Revised IA |
Tagsno overlap | Information architectureNavigationStructure | BrainstormingIdeationWorkshopDiscovery | UXNavigationFindabilityValidation | Information architectureNavigationFindability |