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| Criterion |  UX Research Card Sorting |  UX Research First-click Testing |  Operations 5 Whys |  UX Research Tree Testing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When content only makes sense internally and users can't find the structure again, card sorting exposes their mental order. Terms, groups, and naming are then aligned with the target group's expectations. | When users immediately turn the wrong way on a screen or wireframe, first click testing checks initial orientation at high speed. The first click shows early whether expectation, labeling, and wayfinding fit together. | For a single, hard-to-explain deviation, the method exposes the causal chain behind the visible symptom. It keeps the cause open until a controllable condition emerges instead of a mere description. | When a navigation exists but search paths still fail, tree testing checks findability without visual distraction. The method shows whether labels, levels, and paths really lead to the intended destination. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Low | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 20-45 min | 1-2 Tage | 15-30 min | 1-2 Tage |
Participantsdifferent | Based on research question | 10-30 | 2-6 | Based on research question |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Async | Workshop | Async |
Outputdifferent | Content groups, Label set, IA hypotheses | Click Heatmap, Success Rate, Design Recommendations | Root cause notes, Countermeasures | Findability Metrics, Path Analysis, Revised IA |
Tagsno overlap | Information architectureNavigationStructure | UXNavigationFindabilityValidation | Root causeIncidentLeanProblem solving | Information architectureNavigationFindability |