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| Criterion |  Operations Bottleneck Analysis |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  UX Research HEART Framework |  Decision Making Assumption Surfacing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a flow that backs up at one point, the method looks for the capacity limit with the greatest leverage. It explains why extra effort elsewhere barely improves throughput. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | Helps clarify observations, needs, and patterns in concrete terms. It groups observations into patterns, questions, and decisions. The result is captured as a HEART-GSM table and dashboard. | Plans often contain assumptions that were never openly stated and remain dangerous precisely because of that. Assumption Surfacing makes these silent premises visible and prioritizes which of them carry the initiative or could sink it. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 20–45 min | 120 min initial, dann laufend | 45-90 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-8 | Small cross-functional group | 3-6 | 2-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Bottleneck Map, Flow Metrics, Improvement Options, Follow-up Measures | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | HEART-GSM Table, Dashboard | Assumption List, Critical Assumptions, Learning Plan |
Tagsno overlap | FlowMeasurementConstraints | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | MetricsUX researchMeasurementSatisfaction | AssumptionsRiskDecisionDiscovery |