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| Criterion |  Operations Bottleneck Analysis |  Decision Making Pre-Mortem |  Decision Making Argument Mapping |  Decision Making Red Teaming |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a flow that backs up at one point, the method looks for the capacity limit with the greatest leverage. It explains why extra effort elsewhere barely improves throughput. | In early initiatives with many uncertainties, planning quickly turns too optimistic. A pre-mortem makes the expected failure visible in advance and sharpens the view of causes, gaps, and countermeasures. | When statements, evidence, and counterarguments get mixed up, a debate quickly loses its structure. Argument Mapping breaks a thesis down into its reasoning and makes visible what it really rests on. | For strategic decisions with high reach, agreement and gut feeling are often not enough. Red teaming brings deliberate opposition into the situation and tests where a plan breaks under real counterarguments. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | Medium | High |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 20–45 min | 1-3 h | 1-4 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-8 | Small cross-functional group | 1-8 | 3-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Bottleneck Map, Flow Metrics, Improvement Options, Follow-up Measures | Risk list, Mitigation plan, Assumption log | Argument Map, Evidence Gaps, Decision Rationale | Challenge Findings, Risk Register, Mitigation Plan |
Tagsno overlap | FlowMeasurementConstraints | RiskDecisionFailurePlanning | SensemakingDecisionRationale | RiskDecisionSensemaking |