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| Criterion |  Operations Bottleneck Analysis |  Operations Change Analysis |  Systems Thinking Evaporating Cloud |  Systems Thinking Iceberg Model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | For a flow that backs up at one point, the method looks for the capacity limit with the greatest leverage. It explains why extra effort elsewhere barely improves throughput. | For a deviation after a change, the method isolates the influence of the altered condition. It narrows down which differences are relevant and which are just accompanying noise. | The method makes visible why two seemingly incompatible demands arise and which assumption must be tested to resolve the conflict. | The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Medium | Medium | Low |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 45-120 min | 60-120 min | 30-60 min |
Participantsdifferent | 3-8 | 2-6 | 2-8 | 2-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Bottleneck Map, Flow Metrics, Improvement Options, Follow-up Measures | Change Matrix, Cause Hypotheses, Validation Questions, Action List | Conflict Cloud, Assumption List, Breakthrough Ideas, Next Experiments | Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas |
Tagsno overlap | FlowMeasurementConstraints | ChangeRoot causeTroubleshootingComparison | Theory of ConstraintsAssumptionsSystems thinking | Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns |