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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Soft Systems Methodology IBIS Causal Loop Diagram

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Systems Thinking Soft Systems Methodology	Knowledge Modeling IBIS	Systems Thinking Causal Loop Diagram
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	Soft Systems Methodology helps explore unclear or politically charged problems systematically. Instead of forcing a quick answer, the method builds a shared understanding of perspectives and room for action.	IBIS structures thinking about complex questions as a sequence of issues, ideas, and arguments. The method keeps discussions open without forcing them into premature consensus.	A Causal Loop Diagram makes feedback, reinforcement, and balance in a system legible. It uncovers side effects and self-reinforcement that stay hidden in linear explanations.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	High	Medium	Medium
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	0.5-3 Tage	1-3 h	1-3 h
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	5-15	2-8	2-8
Formatdifferent	Workshop + async	Workshop	Workshop + async	Workshop
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Rich Picture, Root Definitions, Conceptual Models, Change Agenda	Issue Map, Positions, Argument Notes	Causal Loop Diagram, Feedback Notes, Leverage Points
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	Soft systemsComplexitySensemakingSystems thinking	RationaleKnowledgeDecision	FeedbackSystems thinkingCausalityDynamics

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