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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Iceberg Model Causal Loop Diagram Current Reality Tree

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Systems Thinking Iceberg Model	Systems Thinking Causal Loop Diagram	Systems Thinking Current Reality Tree
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring.	A Causal Loop Diagram makes feedback, reinforcement, and balance in a system legible. It uncovers side effects and self-reinforcement that stay hidden in linear explanations.	A Current Reality Tree condenses many symptoms into a few causal chains. The method makes visible which core problems drive several negative effects at once.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	Low	Medium	High
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	30-60 min	1-3 h	2-6 h
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	2-10	2-8	3-8
Formatdifferent	Workshop + async	Workshop + async	Workshop	Workshop
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas	Causal Loop Diagram, Feedback Notes, Leverage Points	Current Reality Tree, Core Problems, Intervention Ideas
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns	FeedbackSystems thinkingCausalityDynamics	Systems thinkingRoot causeConstraintsCausality

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