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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)ALPEN Method Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Fishbone Diagram

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Operations ALPEN Method	Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis	Operations Fishbone Diagram
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	With an overloaded day full of too many tasks, a realistic picture of the day emerges. The method connects estimating, deciding, and buffer thinking so planning fits available energy and time.	For a process, product, or service with noticeable failure risks, the method assesses possible failure modes in advance. It directs attention to combinations of occurrence, effect, and detectability.	When a problem has several possible contributing factors, the method sorts causes by cause areas. It prevents an initial hunch from blocking the view of other plausible drivers.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	Low	High	Low
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	10-20 min daily	2-6 h	30-60 min
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	1	3-10	2-8
Formatdifferent	Workshop + async	Async	Workshop	Workshop
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Daily Plan, Time Estimates, Review Notes	FMEA Table, Risk Priority, Mitigation Actions	Fishbone Diagram, Cause Categories, Investigation Backlog
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	PlanningTime managementProductivityOperations	RiskQualityOperationsRoot cause	Root causeQualityOperations

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