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| Criterion |  Decision Making Argument Mapping |  Operations Gemba Walk |  Operations 8D Problem Solving |  Operations Kepner-Tregoe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When statements, evidence, and counterarguments get mixed up, a debate quickly loses its structure. Argument Mapping breaks a thesis down into its reasoning and makes visible what it really rests on. | When there is uncertainty about the real course of a process, the method brings observation to the place where work happens. It combines perception, follow-up questions, and process knowledge so decisions rest on actual workflows instead of assumptions. | For an acute quality or delivery problem, the method structures immediate protection and root cause work together. It keeps the situation stable while the actual cause is investigated cleanly. | For a disturbance that's hard to pin down, the method cleanly separates problem, cause, and decision. It reduces mixing when symptoms allow several interpretations. |
Complexitydifferent | Medium | Low | High | High |
Timedifferent | 1-3 h | 30-120 min | 1-6 Wochen | 2-8 h |
Participantsdifferent | 1-8 | 2-6 | 4-10 | 2-8 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop + async | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop + async |
Outputdifferent | Argument Map, Evidence Gaps, Decision Rationale | Observation Notes, Improvement Ideas | 8D Report, Containment Plan, Root Cause Evidence, Corrective Action Plan | Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis, Risk Plan |
Tagsno overlap | SensemakingDecisionRationale | LeanObservationProcessOperations | QualityProblem solvingRoot cause | Problem solvingRoot causeDecisionOperations |