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| Criterion |  UX Research Affinity Diagramming |  UX Research Customer Journey Mapping |  Systems Thinking Iceberg Model |  UX Design Customer Journey Canvas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Purposedifferent | When research notes, feedback, or observations sit unconnected side by side, affinity diagramming sorts the raw material into solid themes. Many individual points turn into patterns that make decisions and opportunities clearer. | When a user journey falls apart across many touchpoints, customer journey mapping makes the experience visible as a coherent arc. Phases, emotions, and breaks become legible enough to prioritize critical moments deliberately. | The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring. | When a journey needs to be understood across several phases, it arranges experience, touchpoints, and opportunities into one picture. It makes gaps and friction along the user path clear. |
Complexitydifferent | Low | Medium | Low | Medium |
Timedifferent | 45–90 min | 2-4 h | 30-60 min | 1-3 h |
Participantsdifferent | 3-10 | 4-10 | 2-10 | 3-10 |
Formatdifferent | Workshop | Workshop | Workshop + async | Workshop |
Outputdifferent | Theme clusters, Insight statements, Opportunity areas | Journey Map, Pain-point List, Opportunity Backlog | Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas | Customer Journey Canvas, Pain Points, Experience Opportunities |
Tagsno overlap | SynthesisQualitativeRoot cause | JourneyServiceService design | Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns | JourneyCustomerService designCanvas |