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Selected:ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)Stock and Flow Diagram Iceberg Model Causal Loop Diagram

Criterion	Architecture ARID (Active Reviews for Intermediate Designs)	Systems Thinking Stock and Flow Diagram	Systems Thinking Iceberg Model	Systems Thinking Causal Loop Diagram
Purposedifferent	ARID examines how well developers can work with a technical design. It focuses on a part of the system that can still be revised, between the architecture overview and the detailed specification.	A Stock and Flow Diagram shows how stocks, inflows, and outflows shape a system over time. It is especially suited when growth, delays, or capacity limits determine the dynamics.	The Iceberg Model separates visible events from patterns, structures, and mental models. This turns a single observation into a deeper understanding of why a problem keeps recurring.	A Causal Loop Diagram makes feedback, reinforcement, and balance in a system legible. It uncovers side effects and self-reinforcement that stay hidden in linear explanations.
Complexitydifferent	Medium	High	Low	Medium
Timedifferent	2–4 h review as a planning range; preparation and evaluation additional	2-6 h	30-60 min	1-3 h
Participantsdifferent	Designers, developers as users, and facilitation	1-6	2-10	2-8
Formatdifferent	Workshop + async	Workshop + async	Workshop + async	Workshop
Outputdifferent	Prioritized development tasks, Jointly produced code or pseudocode, Observed difficulties and open design questions, Proposed design revisions	Stock and Flow Model, Dynamics Notes, Simulation Hypotheses	Iceberg Worksheet, Pattern Notes, Intervention Ideas	Causal Loop Diagram, Feedback Notes, Leverage Points
Tagsno overlap	ArchitectureEngineeringFeedbackValidationTasks	DynamicsSimulationFeedbackSystems thinking	Systems thinkingRoot causePatterns	FeedbackSystems thinkingCausalityDynamics

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